

These numbers are not reflecting the federal budget. The article is referring to Russias federal budget. Your numbers include all public spending, mostly retirement and healthcare which aren’t financed through the federal budgets. For Germany for instance it is run on mandatory pension and health insurance, cross financed in part from the federal budget.
Money is increasingly needed by the federal treasury, which spends every third ruble on the war
Going off the linked explainer in wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_expenditure
Public expenditures represented 46.7 percent of total GDP of the European Union in 2018. Countries with the highest percentage of public expenditure were France and Finland with 56 and 53 percent, respectively. The lowest percentage had Ireland with only 25 percent of its GDP. Among the countries of the European Union, the most important function in public expenditure is social protection. Almost 20 percent of GDP of European Union went to social protection in 2018. The highest ratio had Finland and France, both around 24 percent of their GDPs. The country with least social protection expenditure as percent of its GDP was Ireland with 9 percent. The second largest function in public expenditure is expenditure on health. The general government expenditure on health in European Union was over 7 percent of GDP in 2018. The country with highest share of health expenditure in 2018 Denmark with 8.4 percent. The least percentage had Cyprus with 2.7 percent. General public services had 6 percent of total GDP of European Union in 2018, Education around 4.6 percent and all other categories had less than 4.5 percent of the GDP.
Germanys federal budget is 476 billion euro in 2024 Germanys 2024 GDP is at 4.3 trillion Euro.
5% of 4.3 trillion is 215 billion. 215 billion is 45% of 476 billion, so even if the budget is increased significantly, these 5% GDP would correspond to a third or even more of the federal budget and be similar to Russias war economy spending.
I agree that the spending is needed. If we tie it to “defense” though, what will happen if there is no threat to defend against?
In a way we saw this already in Germany in the 90s where a lot of disaster relief structures like alarm sirens, emergency communications, technical equipment for excavations, mobile generators and the like has been left to rot, because the cold war had ended (or it seemed so at the time). When we got his by natural disasters like floods and forest fires, the resources weren’t there to quickly manage the situations.
I understand the opportunist approach to taking the funding while we get it, but it doesn’t solve the underlying problem of neoliberalism. Instead it will come back double with the next wave of austerity being argued even harsher because of all that defense spending (whether direct or in “defense infrastructure”) and debt.